The so-called opposition between 'mainstream' and 'alternative' cinema
production and reception becomes the untenable designation for reactionary
and revolutionary practice. On one hand, some of Hollywood cinemas reflect
complex and contradictory social relations and as such, in the context
of ideological critique, should not be dismissed only on the grounds
of their corporate roots. At the same time, the celebrating of 'alternative'
cinematic visions, in an offensively uncritical way, has led to the
canonization of the films that deserve more thoughtful critical intervention.
In other
words, contemporary cinema needs rethinking in terms of hegemonic structures,
while new forms of ideological critiques should be focused on complex
ways in which films make their appeals to their viewers in various,
multiple and specific places in which they, as social subjects, incorporate
film in the practice of everyday life. And as much as one, apparently
dominant and homogenized commodity – corporate produced film – can be
found and sustained within smaller almost sub-cultural alternative or
resistant readings, it is likewise important what kinds of political
responses are being produced by recent emphasis on 'independent' film,
whose mimicing the formal, economic and political strategies demands
at least healthy suspicion.
Also, the
well-known fact that no commodity (including that of a cinema) cannot
be entirely finished until it reaches the hands (eyes or ears) of a
consumer, who shares the responsibility for film production with a film
producer himself, reveals the urgent need for focusing and problematizing
the relationship between the spheres of film production and film reception.
[See the texts of Eric Smoodin, 'Mr Smith Goes
to Hollywood' and Toby Miller, 'Cinema Studies Doesn't Matter', Prelom
6/7] In other words, to gather a fuller understanding of how
cinema's meanings are forged in a daily life, it is necessary to discover
the mechanisms of contemporary forms of film production. And so, as
much as the forms of star journalism should not be disregarded or scorned,
as they may bear the potential to represent what the corporate cinema
wishes its recipients to think about films, those forms should also
be framed in a larger matrix of social relations needed to make films,
a matrix that the film industry itself could hardly reproduce in its
self-generated reportage.
If we
put the mutual co-constitution of film production and reception in a
broader historical perspective, we may find ourselves in a more complex
path in which the analysis of the rise of film noir, being the cinematic
triumph of the Hollywood Left [See the text of
Paul Buhle and Dave Wagner, 'Politics and Mythology of Film Art – The
Noir Era', Prelom 6/7], and the ideological resistance from Communist
aesthetic reductionism, find their symptomatic place within not only
contemporary American cinema, but the World cinema of 20th and 21th
century as well.